Assessing the association between food environment and dietary inflammation by community type: a cross-sectional REGARDS study

Table 2 Relative measures of the food environment by community type

	Higher density urban	Lower density urban	Suburban/Small town	Rural	p-value
Supermarkets, mean (SD)^a
Percentage, tailored	0.10 (0.07)	0.11 (0.08)	0.12 (0.05)	0.13 (0.07)	<0 .0001
Fast food restaurants, mean (SD)^a
Percentage, tailored	0.27 (0.15)	0.34 (0.14)	0.35 (0.10)	0.32 (0.14)	< 0.0001
Total food outlets, mean (SD)^b
Density, tailored	14.37 (18.39)	5.03 (3.12)	1.64 (1.21)	0.30 (0.30)	<0 .0001

Percentages were expressed as decimals. Summary table reflects 5 year averages of food outlets from 2003 to 2007. We assigned 2-, 3-, 10-, and 16-km (1-, 2-, 6-, and 10-mile) buffer distances to participants residing in higher density urban, lower density urban, suburban/small town, and rural census tracts, respectively. Buffer sizes are represented in kilometers rounded to the nearest whole number
^aAll food stores and all restaurants were used as the denominators for the percentage of supermarkets and fast-food restaurants, respectively
^bTotal food outlets was included as a covariate in all regression models

ISSN: 1476-072X